Solutions and it's Types

Solution:

a solution is defined as a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. the relative amounts of the components can be gradually changed within certain limits. the component of solution present in smaller amount is called solute, whereas the component present in greater quantity is called Solvent. for example in a 5% glucose solution in water, solute is glucose and solvent is water. when water is solvent the solution is called aqueous solution.

Types of Solution:

since matter exists in three states i.e. solid, liquid and gas, on mixing they produce nine types of solution, which are listed as following:

TABLE

No.------Solute------ Solvent------- Examples

1.------- Gas--------- Gas----------- Air (Mixture of 78% N2, 21% O2 and 1 % other gases)

2.------- Gas--------- Liquid---------Carbonated soft drinks such as coca cola,Bubble up etc.
NH3 gas in water, and air dissolved in water.
3.------- Gas--------- Solid---------- H2 gas adsorbed over palladium metal

4.------- Liquid-------Gas----------- Cloud (Water vaporous in air), steam.

5.-------Liquid------- Liquid-------- Alcohol in water, water in milk, milk in tea, vinegar
(acetic acid in water).
6.------ Liquid------- Solid---------- Amalgam (e.g. Mercury in sodium),
and water in jelly powder.
7.------ Solid--------- Gas----------- Smoke (carbon particles in air).

8.------ Solid--------- Liquid-------- Sugar in water, sea water.

9.------ Solid--------- Solid---------- Alloys such as brass (copper and zinc) bronze (copper and tin), steel (carbon and iron), glass.

Types of solution:

There are three types of solutions,

1 Unsaturated Solution
2 Saturated Solution
3 Super Saturated Solution

Preparation of Unsaturated Solution:

Take a few crystals of sugar and dissolve them in glass of water. The results in an Unsaturated solution, because the solution has a capacity to dissolve more crystals of sugar (solute) at a given temperature.

Preparation of Saturated Solution:

Take some water, in a beaker. With constant stirring, add crystals of sugar, till they do not dissolve and start to settle down. The solution thus obtained is saturated solution of sugar, at room temperature.

A Super Saturated Solution:

A super saturated solution is that which contains greater amount of dissolved solute than that present in a saturated solution; at the given temperature. Preparation of super saturated solution is required for crystallization. Crystallization is simple and general technique for purification of impure compounds.